Rice is possibly the grain that has been cultivated for a
longer time and more extensively, occupying approximately 9% of the total
arable land and is the second cereal in importance for human nutrition, after
wheat. It is currently the food base of two-thirds of the world's population.
Grinding in rice differs completely from that of wheat.
Wheat is milled to obtain flour, while rice grinding includes husking, bran
removal and finally separation of broken and damaged grains.
Rice from the field is the whole, known worldwide as
"paddy" or paddy rice; contains fibrous and inedible outer shell
called husk (glumes and glumes). When the peel is removed, but the pericarp
(the bran) and the germ are preserved, brown rice is obtained, which after
polishing is transformed into white rice. Rice is produced only for human
consumption as a feed.
The most important quality criteria for rice are the
grinding efficiency, the appearance of the raw grain, the cooking behavior and
the texture and aroma of the cooked grain. The milling yield is a measure of
the proportion of unbroken whole grains and reflects the variety, conditions of
cultivation, harvesting and subsequent management. In the appearance of the raw
grain the biometry (dimensions and shape of the grain), the color and
characteristics of the pearl (dark areas of the grain, without crystallinity)
participate.
The rice is transported to the rice mill plant, then it is
emptied into hoppers, which using elevators and conveying augers is taken to
the silo receiving damp rice, and from there they are distributed to the
different towers of drying, according to the size of the modern rice mill
plant. In these towers, the rice is subjected to a drying process by air or
heat to reduce the moisture of the grain, to the optimal parameters for its
storage (12.5% - 13.5%).
During storage, the rice is attacked by insects, rodents and
fungi, which will affect the product under different weather conditions. The
reduction can influence the quantity; hence, corrective measures are taken to
prevent these agents from being combated quickly and efficiently.
The rice, after being dried and stored, passes to the rice milling machine where it will be processed for the consumption of the
population.
Mill plant layout and Design
As a first step, the dry paddy rice is passed to a cleaning
machine, which will give it a final purification process. Then they are moved
to a rubber roller shell where the grain is separated from the shell by 95%,
expelling is covered, and the product is peeled with part of it. These peeled
grains are sent to the densimetric table where the separation of rice is done.
The peeled grain follows the process towards the rice polishers, where the
removal of the surface layer or bran is done; this method is called grain
polishing. Rice bran or "powder" is used as animal feed; the polished
rice is transported towards the classifiers where the whole grain is separated,
and the broken grain is classified.
After the rice is processed, it is transferred to the packer
to be packed either in plastic bags or bags.
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Ltd.is a reputed firm working in the field of Grain and
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Article Source: Ezine Articles
Article Source: Ezine Articles
