Different Types Of Machinery For Grain Processing

When crops are harvested, several irrelevant items get carried away with them. These items are required to be separated from the crops so as to begin the rest of the process. Various equipment is designed to take care of such a process. Grain Processing or Grain Refinement is that process which involves the alignment of grains with the help of grain processing equipment, by introducing more and more grain boundaries which halts the movement of dislocations and improves the strength of the material.

However, refining grains degrades the nutrients to a certain extent, which is why whole grains are considered to be more nourished and good for health. The technique of refining Grains is uncomplicated but tedious. It used to consume a lot of time to crush the grains earlier in order to obtain wheat flour. But machines have simplified the task. There are numerous kinds of Grain Machinery available in the market.

Destoner

It is used for destoning process which is a removal of stones and clods from soil ridges. It can be used for a variety of grains such as Rice, Wheat, Paddy, etc. It is helpful in controlling dust from the Rice Mill. It's fast, reliable, effective, and gives a stable running. There are four types of Destoners:-

1. Buhler Type Destoner
2. Highly Effective Destoner
3. Low Power High-Efficiency Destoner
4. Satake Type Destoner

Pre Cleaner

This Grain Processing machine separates all sorts of big or small dust particles from Wheat or Paddy. It comes armed with the high-efficiency blower to suck out all the impurities from the grain. The machine sports a very sturdy design for lifelong durability. It is compact, which gives the user an extra benefit of saving space. Also, the machine doesn't feature any opening for dust leakage and neither it demands a regular maintenance as compared to traditional cleaners. There are two types of Pre Cleaners:-

1. Rotary Pre Cleaner
2. Vibro Cleaner

Gravity Sorter

Gravity sorter or separator is slightly different from its counterparts. The process of this machine differentiates it to a certain extent. It separates diverse grains from admixture, impurities, insect damage, and immature kernels by pressurizing the deck with air. It comes with adjustable air fans to control the volume of air distribution as per the need. The machine is ponderous, thus ensuring lifetime longevity. It demands least maintenance and operates sleekly. There are two kinds of Gravity separators:-

1. High-Efficiency Gravity Sorter
2. Satake Type Gravity Sorter

General Length Grading

Graders are those efficient machines which can categorize the grains into various categories depending on their length. They are the most relevant part of all modern Rice/Paddy Mills. Through such grading machines, Rice/Paddy can be divided into five different groups as per their extent. The machinery is compact and well-structured and gives a stable performance.

Nextech Solutions in Delhi is a seasoned consultancy firm consisting of proficient individuals rendering quality service to its clients. One can contact for installation of Mill Machineries.

Article Source: Ezine Articles

Rice Farming: Post Production, Harvesting And Drying

In many a developing country, 25 to 50% of the total grain value is lost between the harvest and consumption, mainly due to poor storage techniques, farm level wastage, and processing. This leads to lower incomes for farmers and higher prices for buyers. Further, there's a pressure on farmers to increase the production levels to attain higher rice yields and they end up using more land and fertilizers causing mass damage to the natural resources. This article aims at teaching you how to minimize grain losses and maintain rice quality for longer storage periods.

Step 1: Post production management

Post production management is all about how to handle the rice; from the time it's harvested to the time it's sold. Various processes such as cutting, hauling, cleaning and marketing the rice, etc. are involved. It's particularly important because it prevents both qualitative and quantitative loss and with a poor post production management, you're prone to losing as much as 50% of your total yield.

Step 2: Harvesting

This is simply a process of collecting the mature crop from the field; in our case, rice. Harvesting begins with cutting the crop and ends after it's been prepared to dry. It involves:

- Cutting

- Field drying

- Hauling

- Piling

- Threshing

- Cleaning

- Packing (to send it further for drying)

Harvesting at the correct time ensures that you get the maximum yield, diminishing quality degeneration. There are, however, certain physical losses one has to face during the harvesting operations. These are loosely based on the operations and machinery used during harvesting. These losses:

- Occur during cutting

- Occur during threshing and

- Occur during grain handlings

To minimize, it's important that you measure losses at each operation of harvesting and work upon it.

Step 3: Drying

The most critical operation once through the harvest, drying reduces the grain's moisture content to a safe level ideal for storing it for longer durations. Moisture laden grain is prone to discolouration, development of molds and pest infestation. It also reduces the seed's rate of germination, thus diminishing the overall grain quality. It happens when you:

- Wait too long before you begin drying

- Don't dry it long enough, whatever be your purpose

- Wrong techniques

Ideally, you should begin drying within 24 hours after the harvest. The grains should be dried down to different Moisture Content (MC) for different purposes.

- 14% or less MC for storing up to a few months

- 13% or less MC to store for 8 to 12 months

- 9% or less for storing more than a year

Drying techniques:

- Traditional systems: Sun drying, field drying and stacking

- Mechanical systems: Heated air drying, low temperature drying, solar drying and grain cooling

Nextech Grain Processing and Engineering is a rice mill plant consultant based in Delhi, India providing complete solutions for rice mill plant layouts, designing, detailed engineering and project coordination. Visit their website.

Article Source: EzineArticles.com